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Tuesday, May 14, 2013

Advertising product results? Put images closer together

Public release date: 14-May-2013
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Contact: Mary-Ann Twist
JCR@bus.wisc.edu
608-255-5582
University of Chicago Press Journals

Consumers believe a product is more effective when images of the product and its desired outcome are placed closer together in advertisements, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research.

"Merely changing the spatial proximity between the image of a product and its desired effect in an advertisement influences judgment of product effectiveness. Consumers tend to judge the product to be more effective when the two images are closer versus farther apart," write authors Boyoun (Grace) Chae (University of British Columbia), Xiuping Li (National University of Singapore), and Rui (Juliet) Zhu (University of British Columbia).

Many advertisements promoting the effectiveness of a product show both a product image (anti-wrinkle cream) and an image of the promised results (a face without wrinkles). Objectively, the distance between the two images should not affect how consumers judge the product's quality.

In a series of studies, consumers were asked to judge the effectiveness of a variety of products promising specific results (acne cream, pain reliever, nasal allergy spray, bug spray, fabric softener). Consumers tended to assume a product was more effective when its image was placed closer to that of its promised effect. The proximity of the images was more influential when consumers were less knowledgeable about a product category or when the results were expected sooner rather than later.

Companies should understand the subtle effect that spatial proximity between images has on consumer judgment of product effectiveness. When companies want to promote the immediate effects of their products, images of the product and its desired effect should be put closer to each other in an advertisement.

"The spatial proximity between visual representations of cause and effect in an advertisement can influence consumer judgments of product effectiveness. The closer the distance between an image of a product (an acne treatment) and that of its potential effect (a smooth face), the more effective consumers will judge the product to be," the authors conclude.

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Boyoun (Grace) Chae, Xiuping Li, and Rui (Juliet) Zhu. "Judging Product Effectiveness From Perceived Spatial Proximity." Journal of Consumer Research: August 2013. For more information, contact Xiuping Li (bizlx@nus.edu.sg) or visit http://ejcr.org/.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Advertising product results? Put images closer together Public release date: 14-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Mary-Ann Twist
JCR@bus.wisc.edu
608-255-5582
University of Chicago Press Journals

Consumers believe a product is more effective when images of the product and its desired outcome are placed closer together in advertisements, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research.

"Merely changing the spatial proximity between the image of a product and its desired effect in an advertisement influences judgment of product effectiveness. Consumers tend to judge the product to be more effective when the two images are closer versus farther apart," write authors Boyoun (Grace) Chae (University of British Columbia), Xiuping Li (National University of Singapore), and Rui (Juliet) Zhu (University of British Columbia).

Many advertisements promoting the effectiveness of a product show both a product image (anti-wrinkle cream) and an image of the promised results (a face without wrinkles). Objectively, the distance between the two images should not affect how consumers judge the product's quality.

In a series of studies, consumers were asked to judge the effectiveness of a variety of products promising specific results (acne cream, pain reliever, nasal allergy spray, bug spray, fabric softener). Consumers tended to assume a product was more effective when its image was placed closer to that of its promised effect. The proximity of the images was more influential when consumers were less knowledgeable about a product category or when the results were expected sooner rather than later.

Companies should understand the subtle effect that spatial proximity between images has on consumer judgment of product effectiveness. When companies want to promote the immediate effects of their products, images of the product and its desired effect should be put closer to each other in an advertisement.

"The spatial proximity between visual representations of cause and effect in an advertisement can influence consumer judgments of product effectiveness. The closer the distance between an image of a product (an acne treatment) and that of its potential effect (a smooth face), the more effective consumers will judge the product to be," the authors conclude.

###

Boyoun (Grace) Chae, Xiuping Li, and Rui (Juliet) Zhu. "Judging Product Effectiveness From Perceived Spatial Proximity." Journal of Consumer Research: August 2013. For more information, contact Xiuping Li (bizlx@nus.edu.sg) or visit http://ejcr.org/.

[ | E-mail | Share ]
?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/uocp-apr051413.php
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Obama raises cash for Dems in New York

NEW YORK (AP) ? President Barack Obama says he thought he might be able to break through Washington gridlock and partisanship when he won elections in 2008 and 2012, but it hasn't happened yet.

Obama is telling Democratic donors in New York that he believes there are Republicans in Congress who are open to compromise. But he says they're afraid of their base and of what radio host Rush Limbaugh might say.

He's warning donors that if Republicans are willing to cooperate, he'll gladly work with them. But if not, he says he wants to ensure Democrats can hold them accountable.

Obama spoke at the home of film producer Harvey Weinstein at the first of three fundraisers he's holding Monday for Democrats. Pop icons Justin Timberlake and Jessica Biel also attended the $16,200-per-person event.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-raises-cash-dems-york-173936919.html

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By David Jones NEWARK, New Jersey (Reuters) - A tense weekend standoff in a Trenton, New Jersey, neighborhood ended early on Sunday with a hostage taker dead and three children, who had been held for 37 hours, rescued, authorities said. Police shot Gerald Tyrone Murphy, ending the standoff and saving the lives of three??

Source: http://rss.news.yahoo.com/rss/weightloss

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Hillary Clinton?s false choice (Powerlineblog)

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Monday, May 13, 2013

A look at new saints canonized by Pope Francis

The tapestry of Laura di Santa Caterina da Siena Montoya of Colombia hangs from a balcony in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican prior to the start of the canonization ceremony led by Pope Francis Sunday, May 12, 2013. The pontiff will canonize, Laura di Santa Caterina da Siena Montoya, Antonio Primaldo and his companions, also known as the Martyrs of Otranto, and Maria Guadalupe Garcia Zavala of Mexico in a ceremony at the Vatican on Sunday. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

The tapestry of Maria Guadalupe Garcia Zavala of Mexico hangs from a balcony in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican prior to the start of the canonization ceremony led by Pope Francis Sunday, May 12, 2013. The pontiff will canonize, Laura di Santa Caterina da Siena Montoya of Colombia, Antonio Primaldo and his companions, also known as the Martyrs of Otranto, and Maria Guadalupe Garcia Zavala in a ceremony at the Vatican on Sunday. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

Faithful, bearing the image of Laura di Santa Caterina da Siena Montoya of Colombia, wait for the arrival of Pope Francis for a canonization mass in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican, Sunday, May 12, 2013. The Pontiff will canonize Antonio Primaldo and his companions, also known as the Martyrs of Otranto, Laura di Santa Caterina da Siena Montoya of Colombia and Maria Guadalupe Garcia Zavala of Mexico in a ceremony at the Vatican on Sunday. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)

VATICAN CITY (AP) ? Pope Francis has made hundreds of new saints at his first canonization ceremony in St. Peter's Square. Here is a look at the people receiving the Church's highest honor:

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ANTONIO PEZZULLA AND 812 FELLOW MARTYRS

In 1480, some 20,000 Turkish troops overran the citadel of Otranto in what is now the southeastern Puglia region of Italy, in the "heel" of the boot-shaped peninsula. The invaders demanded that the locals, including many who took refuge in the city's cathedral, convert to Islam. The Turks took 813 men from among those refusing to convert..

Pezzulla, also known as Primaldo, was the group's leader, and the first among the martyrs to be beheaded. They are referred to as "The martyrs of Otranto."

_____

LAURA OF ST. CATHERINE OF SIENA MONTOYA Y UPEGUI

Colombia's first saint, also known as Mother Laura Montoya and born in 1874, worked as a teacher and spiritual mother to Colombia's indigenous peoples.

In 1914, she and five other women set out on horseback into forests for their mission. They made up the core of a new religious order, the Congregation of Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Virgin, who today work in 21 nations. She died in 1949.

_____

MARIA GUADALUPE GARCIA ZAVALA

Maria Guadalupe Garcia Zavala was a Mexican woman, born in 1878, who decided at 22 to dedicate herself to helping the sick. Her religious mission played out during a period of tension between church and state, when tens of thousands of people were killed during a 1926-1929 uprising by Roman Catholic rebels against anti-clerical laws.

She helped Catholics avoid persecution during a government crackdown on the faith, including hiding the archbishop of Guadalajara in an eye clinic for 1 1/2 years after fearful local Catholic families refused to shelter him.

Also known as Mother Lupita, she co-founded an order of nuns, the Congregation of the Servants of St. Margaret Maria and of the Poor. She died in 1963.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-05-12-Vatican-New%20Saints-Thumbnails/id-cbe674002ec04098b74f2707c264d425

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Sunday, May 12, 2013

Slovenia to adopt austerity plan in bid to avoid bailout ? RT Business

Published time: May 11, 2013 09:19

People take part in a demonstration gathering thousands on April 27, 2013 in central Ljubljana to protest against corruption and austerity measures in the crisis-hit eurozone country and to demand early elections take place by the end of the year. (AFP Photo)

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Slovenia, one of the EU's most recent members, is struggling to avoid becoming the fifth eurozone country after Cyprus to ask for financial aid. The challenge for the Alpine country, once a model of socialism, is to prevent an international bailout.

Earlier this week, Slovenia's government revealed an austerity plan to raise ?540 million in new taxes to balance the budget and avoid an international bailout.

?Everybody who has been in trouble in the eurozone in the last years in the first phase of the crisis always refused to admit that they are really in trouble. And that of course is first of all some kind of psychological game they are trying to play with the markets and with the public at large,? Johan van Overtveldt, editor in chief of financial magazine Trends told RT.

?All the countries that came into the danger zone eventually had to ask for help which is something national governments don?t like, because then obviously to a certain degree at least they have to answer to and to obey to foreign powers, be it the European Central Bank or the European Commission, the IMF or the three together in the famous Troika,? he said.

The government is planning to partially privatize 15 state-run companies, including Slovenia?s second-largest bank Nova Kreditna Banka Maribor, Ljubljana airport, Adria Airways airline and Telekom Slovenija communications operator.

The austerity plan must be approved by Slovenia's parliament and will be then handed to the European Commission, which is expected to discuss it later this month.

Slovenia, a nation of 2 million, is one of the 17 nations that uses the Euro currency. Government debt has seen eurozone nations Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Cyprus receive emergency loans, which Slovenia is attempting to avoid.

Members of the Slovenian Government attend a meeting in which Slovenian Prime Minister Alenka Bratusek will present the reform and stabilisation programs, in Ljubljana, on May 9, 2013. (AFP Photo)

In late April, up to 2,500 protesters gathered in the Slovenian capital to protest against tax increases and public sector wage cuts. While unemployment in the country recently reached a 14-year high, many are still hoping that a bailout can be avoided

Five state-controlled banks ? with an estimated ?7 billion in bad loans on their books ? are at the epicenter of Slovenia's economic crisis. The government is scrambling to find a way to support the banks and avoid a collapse of the country's entire banking system.

According to a document released on Friday, Slovenia plans to transfer ?3.3 billion in bad loans, held by its three largest state-controlled banks, to a newly established 'bad bank,' due to open in June. In return, the three banks combined will be given state-guaranteed bonds worth ?1.1 billion

The country's sales tax will increase from 20 percent to 22 percent, and the government is set to introduce further taxes next year.

"We are aware that tax increases won't have a positively impact on the economy and the recovery, but we have opted for the least harmful option," Prime Minister Alenka Bratusek was quoted as saying. "I believe this will satisfy the European Commission."

Slovenian Economy Minister Stanko Stepisnik explained that the government is planning to propose a temporary crisis tax on all incomes, which could be introduced at the end of the year. The government has been negotiating a public-sector wage freeze.

Slovenia has been in recession since 2011, with an unemployment rate of 13.5 percent. Slovenia's economic output is forecast to shrink 2 percent this year and 0.1 percent in 2014, according to the European Commission.

Last week, ratings agency Moody's cut Slovenia's rating by two notches to 'junk.' However, the Slovenian government managed to raise ?3.5 billion from international bond markets in early May.

On Friday, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) said that Slovenia's recession was likely to continue into 2014, with output set to shrink 0.9 percent next year following a forecasted 2.5 percent contraction in 2013.

Source: http://rt.com/business/slovenia-bailout-eurozone-austerity-135/

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Judge Tosses DMCA Defenses, Creating Unexpected Copyright Liability for Web Services In New York

Editor?s note: Sid Venkatesan is an IP partner specializing in high stakes IP disputes and IP counseling for technology companies in the Silicon Valley office of Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP.?James Freedman?is an associate in Orrick?s IP group and a recent Stanford Law School graduate.? A New York appellate court has recently ruled in?UMG Recordings v.Escape Media Group that the safe harbor protections that Congress designed for Internet companies do not cover sound recordings made before 1972. The decision is a new and unexpected break with earlier decisions by?state?and federal?trial courts.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/CmdbrjWww5s/

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